The soldier’s son
Gaius accompanied Germanicus in military camps as a child, acquiring the nickname Caligula, or “little boot”. He succeeded Tiberius in 37 CE with the support of the praetorian prefect Macro. His early gestures of clemency and public generosity raised expectations.
Conflict and assassination
Ancient writers contrast his early popularity with later autocratic behaviour and demands for exceptional honours. His serious illness in 37 CE figures in that narrative, but it is not a secure explanation of his politics. In January 41 CE, conspirators including the praetorian officer Cassius Chaerea assassinated him. His uncle Claudius succeeded him.
Historical sources
Suetonius, Caligula 9; 22–26; 56–59
The nickname, imperial claims, and assassination. The temporary bridge at Baiae is discussed in chapter 19.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Julio-Claudian Dynasty
Context for Caligula’s reign and imperial image.